Horizontally swinging dump body truck



M W M 3 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 C.L.SHERBURNE HORIZONTALLY SWINGING DUMP BODY TRUCK Dec. 9, 1952 Filed Feb. 16, 1949 Dec. 9, 1952 c. 1.. $HERBURNE 2,621,072

HORIZONTALLY SWINGING DUMP BODY TRUCK Filed Feb. 16, 1949 I 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 1952 c. L. SHERBURNE HORIZONTALLY SWINGING DUMP BODY TRUCK 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed Feb. 16, 1949 Patented Dec. 9, 1952 UNITED STATES PATENT FFICE HORIZONTALLY SWINGING DUMP RUDY TRUCK Kans.

Application February 15, 1949, Serial No. 76,781

16 Claims.

This invention relates to a rotating body dump truck.

As is well known, it is the common practice in the manufacture of dump trucks to support a dump body above the chassis frame and to hinge the body for turning movement on a transverse axis adjacent the rear end of the body to permit the forward end to be moved upwardly to dump material from the body. It is also the common practice to provide power sources for elevating a truck body to dump the material. These conventional dump truck body constructions are disadvantageous for the reason that material can be dumped only from the rear end of the truck.

It frequently is desirable to dump. the. material to one side or the other of the truck, and it frequently is wholly impracticable to turn the truck in backing to place the rear end of the truck off a driveway or the like to dump the material. In such case, it is necessary to dump the material from the rear end of the truck and then move it from the road or driveway to the desired point. This obviously involves much labor and a substantial loss of time.

An important object of the present invention is to provide a dump truck having a materialholding body so arranged that it may dump material rearwardly of the truck or to either side thereof, thus making it far more practicable to dump material at the point where it is desired.

A further object is to provide such a construction wherein the body is supported on a rotatable structure which may be turned in either direction from the normal position to dump material from the truck at either side thereof, and to provide novel and easily operable means for turning the body to the desired angle before dumping.

A further object is to provide novel means, easily controlled from the cab of the vehicle, for power-operating the rotating structure to turn the body to any desired point before dumpmg.

A further object is to provide novel means for supporting the rotatable structure and to utilize such means for connecting to a source of fluid pressure the power means employed for dumping the body whereby such dumping operation may be performed regardless of the angularity of 'the dump body relative to the chassis frame.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will become apparent during the course of the following description. 1

In the drawings, I have shown one embodiment of the invention. In this showing,

Figure l is a side elevation of a truck embodying the invention, a portion of the truck body being shown in broken lines in the rearward dumping position and in dotted lines in a side dumping position,

Figure 2 is a vertical sectional view taken on line 2-2 of Figure 1, the upper part of the dump body being broken away,

Figure 3 is a horizontal sectional view taken substantially on line 3-3 of Figure 2, parts being broken .away and the control valve mechanism being diagrammatically represented ,in section,

,. Figure 4 is a verticallongitudinal sectional-view "through the dump body and the rotatable supporting structure therefor,

Figure 5 is a section on line 5-5 of Figure 2, the control valve being diagrammatically shown in section, and

Figure 6 is a diagrammatic rear elevation on a reduced scale, showing the dump body in an elevated dumping position for dumping material to one side of the truck.

Referring to Figures 1 and 2, the numeral l9 designates the chassis frame of a motor truck comprising side frame members H and I2 which may be formed of channel section as shown in Figure 2. These frame members are suitably braced relative to each other in the conventional manner (not shown). The chassis frame is supported by the usual rear wheels id and front wheels l5, and any type of cab and body structure it may be mounted on the forward end of the vehicle.

A supplemental frame indicated as a whole by the numeral Zil is mounted above the chassis frame it) and comprises parallel frame members 2! which may be similar in structure to and normally arranged respectively over the chassis frame members if and E2. The supplemental frame 29 has its frame members 2! suitably braced by cross members 22 at desired points, and one cross member 23 (Figures 4 and 5) is arranged at the forward end of the supplemental frame. The cross member 23 is preferably, of inverted channel section and is securedv in, any suitable manner, for example by welding, against the bottom of the frame members 2! plates 25 and 21 respectively connected at oppo- 3 site sides of the vehicles to the respective frames 20 and I by bolts 28 and 29. The plates 26 and 21 carry the load of the frame 20. the body to be referred to later, and the load carried by the body. To this end, the plate 26 is provided with an integral downturned annular flange 3| bearing on the upper edge of an upturned annular flange 32 formed integral with the plate 21. The contacting edges of the flanges 3| and 32 are machined to provide a bearing flt therebetween.

Preferably, but not necessarily, the plate ZS-is' provided with a second depending integral annular flange 35 of smaller diameter'than the flange 3i and bearing upon an annular flange 36 formed integral with the plate El and shouldered as at 31 to absorb lateral thrusts. The space between the flanges 3i and 32 and flanges 35 and 36 may form a lubricant chamber 33.

The plate 25 is provided with a threaded axial opening 49 to receive the threaded upper end of a cylindrical king pin fixed-in position relative to the plate 25 by a lock nut 62. The plate 2-1 is apertured as at .5 t'o'provide a bearing opening for the king pin oi as shown in Figure 2. Spacer plates 55 and 65 are arranged between the plate 27 and look nut 52. The space 18 between the plates 26 and Ill inwardly of the flanges 35 and 35 also may form a lubricant chamber to lubricate the bearing opering le.

Beneath the plate El is arranged a gear 5% keyed as at ill to theking pin i-I'. A look nut 52 is threadedon the lower end of the. king pinto maintain the'gear 58in proper position;

As stated, the king pin ii is cylindrical, thus providing a chamber fifitherein which formsipart' of a fluid pressure passage to be referred in detail. The lower end of theking pinis turned inwardly to form a flange 56 against which is seated the head 5? of a bolt 58, the shank 590i which is substantially smaller than the opening within the flange 56. A casing SI surrounds the bolt shank 59 and has an out-turned flange G2 at its upper end seated against the bottom of the king pin. The space 63 around the bolt shank forms a' part of the fluid pressure passage and this'space communicates with the chamber through openings 6 formed in the head 5?. A cap 6 3 seats against the bottom of the sleeve 6 I as shown. A" compression spring te'surrounds the bolt shank beneath the cap 64 and the bottom nut of the bolt, thus urging the cap 64 upwardly and the head 51 downwardly. This reactionary spring force thus seats the cap in leakproof engagement with the bottom of the sleeve ESI and maintains the flange 62 of this sleeve in leakproof engagement with the bottom of the king pin 41-.

A; fitting it (Figure 2) is threaded into the top or the king pin 1H and is connected to one end of a flexible host lI lea in'g to a fluid pressure motor to be described. A fluid pressure inlet pipe "I2 is tapped into the sleeve 6% and leads to a source of pressure fluid, for example a tank 73 (Figure 1), through means to be described. The pipe I2 is flexible and permits the king pin GI to turn at least 8.0 degrees either to the right or left from the normal position of the supplemental body 20 relative to the chassis ill.

A dump body indicated as a whole by the numeral 38 is arranged above the supplemental frame 22. The dump body comprises side walls El, a front wall 82 and a bottom wall 83, and the body is provided with a conventional tail gate 84. This gate is supported for pivotal movement to open position by pins 35 supported in a manner to be described. Referring to Figure 2, it will be noted that the side walls 8i extend to the bottom of the body adjacent downturned flanges 88 formed on the bottom wall 33, and these elements are arranged within angle iron reinforcing members The rear end of the dump body is provided at each side thereof with a heavy cast bracket 92 having an integral rearward extension 93 carrying the pivot pins of the tail gate. The brackets 92 extend downwardly over the sides of the frame members ill for pivotal connection with heavy trunnions 9 carried by the frame members 2!. These trunnions support the dump body for upward swinging movement to the dotted and brokenline positions shown in Figures 1 and. 4 and shown in solid lines in Figure 6.

The angle iron reinforcing members 89 (Figure 2) are provided with bearings 98 supporting a transverse shaft 99. A fluid pressure motor indicated as a whole by the numeral I00 (Figures 4 and 5') transmits force to the shaft 89 to raise the body to dumping position.

The motor lib) comprises a cylinder IelI having a' heavy ear 52 at one end rotatably connected to a shaft ids'mounted in bearings Ili l secured to the cr ss ineinberZG. A piston IE6 is mounted in the cy der ital and is connected to a piston rod I91 having a bearing i'ofiatits free end surroundingthe shaft A cushion spring IE9 is mounted in end of the cylinder It! to cushion movement of the piston I'iifi when it reaches such end of the cylinder.

Ad a'cent the same end thereof, the cylinder is prov ed with a bypass pipe I i2 to bridge around the piston. IilE' hen the latter is adjacent the dotted line position thereof shown in Figure 4. A manually controllable valve Il 3-may be opened to connect the by-pass pipe to the atmosphere fora purpose to be described.

The fluid pressure pipe 12 leads to the cab IG of the vehicle, and at a point accessible to the operator, there is arranged a three-way valve indicated as a whole by the numeral H5. This valve comprises a casing Ii'I having a port II8 communicating with the pipe 72. The casing has a second. port l I9 communicating with a pipe I25, leading to the pressure tank 13 (see Figure l). The'valve casing i I? is provided with a third port I2'I' open to the atmosphere. A valve I22 within the valvebody i i '1 is provided with a through passage 23 and a branch passage I 24. The valve H22 may be turned in any suitable manner, for example by a handle I25 indicated in dotted lines in Figure 5. When the valve in is in the position shown, fluid pressure will be admitted to the lower forward end of the cylinder I OI. If the valve is turned clockwise from the position shown, pressure through pipe '1! will be shut off and the cylinder IllI will be exhausted to the atmosphere through port 5 l8, passages I 24 and I23 and port I22.

In Figure 3, there is illustrated the means for rotating the supplemental frame 20 and body 80 to turn the latter to an angular position for dumping. A fluid pressure motor indicated as a whole by the numeral 30 is employed for this purpose. This motor comprises a cylinder I 3I having an ear I-32 at one side thereof pivotallv connec ed by a vertical pin I33 to a bearing brack: et Ills secured to the chassis frame member I I. A piston $36 is mounted in the cylinder HI and is carried by a piston rod I3? extending rearwardly and provided with a rack I 38 adapted to mesh in a manner to be described with the gear 58. A tension spring I33 is connected to the cylinder I3I to normally swing the rack I38 out of engagement with the gear 50.

A bell crank lever I42 is pivoted as at I43 intermediate its ends on a, bearing bracket I44 secured to the frame I I. One end of the bell crank lever carries a roller I45 engageable with the face of the piston rod I31 opposite the rack I38. The other arm of the lever I42 is pivotally connected as at I41 to a rod or similar motion transmittin connection I48 leading to the cab of the vehicle and provided with an operating lever I49. When the lever I49 is pushed forwardly, the roller I45 engages the piston rod I31 to move the rack I38 into engagement with the gear 59. When the lever I49 is released, the bell crank lever I42 is free to turn and the spring I39 moves the rack I38 out of engagement with the gear 50.

A pipe I55, preferably having a flexible section adjacent the motor I36, is tapped through one head I56 of the cylinder I3I. Adjacent the other end of the motor, a pipe I51 is tapped into the cylinder I3I and preferably has a flexible section adjacent the motor I30 whereby the latter is free to pivot on the axis of the pin I33.

A four-way valve indicated as a whole by the numeral I60 controls the application of fluid pressure to the motor I39. The valve I60 comprises a casing I6I having a port I62 connected to a pipe I63 leading to a source of fluid under pressure, for example the tank 13. A second port I64 through the casin I6I is connected to the pipe I51. A third port I65 of the casing I6! is connected to the pipe I65 while the fourth port I66 is open to the atmosphere. A valve I68 is arranged in the casing I6I. This valve is provided with a pair of passages I69 and I19 normall positioned as shown in Figure 3. The valve I60 is arranged in the cab of the vehicle, easily accessible to the driver, and is provided with a suitable operating handle, as suggested by the dotted lines I12.

Operation The parts normally occupy the positions shown in solid lines in Figures 1 and 4 of the drawings. When it is desired to dump material from the body 96 rearwardly of the truck, the motor I39 (Figure 3) will remain inoperative, and the operator will control the motor I06 (Figures 4 and by operation of the valve handle I25. The pipe 1| is adapted to communicate with the source of fluid pressure through the king pin ll and associated passages, and through pipe 12, leading to the pressure source. The pipe 1| is flexible and permits swinging movement of the cylinder I 9I on the axis of the pin I93. The valve I22 is normally turned to a position 90 clockwise of the position shown in Figure 5, the lower forward end of the cylinder IBI thus normally being vented to the atmosphere. The operator will turn the valve I22 from such normal position counterclockwise to the position shown in Figure 5, thus moving the passage I24 out of engagement with the port H8 and connecting the ports II 8 and H9 through passage I 23. Compressed air or other pressure fluid will then flow into the cylinder IOI moving the piston I96 rearwardly and thus elevating the body 86 as shown in dotted lines in Figure 4. With the tail gate 84 dropped to open position, material will be dumped from the truck body. The upper or rear end of the cylinder I9I preferably has very slight communication with the atmosphere to bleed it to the extent necessary for free movement of the piston I96 to and slightly beyond the dotted line position shown in Figure 4.

I As the piston moves to the dotted line position referred to, it will compress and load the spring I09, at the same time connecting the cylinder on opposite sides of the piston I06 through the bypass I I2 to balance pressures therein. The spring I99 will then react to force the piston I06 downwardly to some extent, whereupon the slight venting of the upper end of the cylinder will unbalance pressures on opposite sides of the piston and the operation referred to will be repeated. Thus a shaking action will be automatically imparted to the truck body to dislodge the material therefrom so that it will fall from the truck body. If the shaking action is not desired, the valve I I3 may be left slightly open, thus bleeding air directly to the atmosphere when the lower end of the by-pass pipe H2 is uncovered by the piston I06. This arrests movement of the piston I06, and the piston will assume a position wherein the load on the piston rod I91 will be balanced by pressure tending to move the piston I06 upwardly. When the load has been dumped, the valve I22 will be returned to its normal position referred to, whereupon the truck body will move downwardly by gravity to its normal position.

If the truck load is to be dumped to one side of the truck, the operator will control the mechanism shown in Figure 3 before elevating the truck body. Assuming that the load is to be dumped from the left side of the truck, the operator will move the lever I49 to engage the rack I38 with the gear 50. He will then turn the valve I68 90 counter-clockwise from the position shown in Figure 3, thus venting the right end of the cylinder I3I and connecting the left end to the pressure source through pipe I63. The piston I36 will then move rearwardly and the rack I38 will rotate the gear 50 to turn the supplemental frame 20 and body to the angular degree desired, up to approximately 80 from the normal position of the body. When such position is reached, the operator will turn the valve I69 sufficiently from the operative position referred to to prevent further rotation of the gear 56. This gear, keyed to the king pin 4|, rotates the king pin and thus turns the plate 26, supplemental frame 20, and body 80. The body may be dumped in the manner referred to. It will be noted that the pipe 12 is of such length and flexibility as to permit turning of the king pin 4I through an angle of at least 80 degrees right or left from the normal position of the supplemental body 29 relative to the chassis I0.

Assuming that the body has been turned to the left in the manner described, that is by rotating the gear 50 in a counter-clockwise direction as viewed in Figure 3, the parts may be returned to normal position after the dumping operation merely by turning the valve I22 (Figure 4) to vent the cylinder IM and permit the truck body to move downwardly by gravity and then by turning the valve I68 back to the position shown in Figure 3. Under such conditions, the left hand end of the cylinder I3I will be vented to the atmosphere through pipe I55, valve passage I10 and exhaust port I66. The right hand end of the cylinder I3I will be connected to the source of pressure through pipe I63, port I62, passage I69 and pipe I51. Thus the piston I36 will return to the position shown in Figure 3. The op erator will have held the handle I49 (Figure 3) in the position shown to maintain engagement of the rack I36 and gear 59 to permit the motor I 39 to perform the rotating operation referred to. When the parts are returned to normal position, the handle I49 will be released and the biasing spring I39 will disengage the rack I38 from the gear 50.

Assuming that the load in the truck body is to be dumped at the right side of the vehicle, the operator will turn the valve I88 (Figure 3) 90 counter-clockwise from the position shown in Figure 3 to energize the motor I30. This operation will be performed with the handle I49 released, and accordingly, the rack I38 will not be in engagement with the gear 50. Thus when the motor I30 is energized, the rack I38 moves freely past the gear 50 Without imparting movement thereto.

When the piston I38 reaches the end of its stroke toward the right as viewed in Figure 3, the operator will then move the handle I49 toward the left to the position shown in Figure 3 to engage the rack I 38 with the gear 50. He will then reverse the operation of the valve I68 to reverse the movement of the piston I36. Since the rack I 38 will now be in engagement with the gear 50, the truck body will be rotated with the gear 50 in a clockwise direction as viewed in Figure 3. The load may then be dumped in the manner described at the left side of the vehicle. Thereafter, the operator will hold the handle I49 in the position shown in Figure 3 and move the valve I68 back to the position shown in Figure 3, thus energizing the motor. I38 to restore the piston I36 to its normal position at the left hand end of the cylinder I3I. The handle I49 then may be released and the parts will then be in the position shown in Figure 3, ready for the next operation. Any suitable means (notshown) may be employed wholly independently of the mechanism described for holding the truck body and supplemental frame 28 against rotation except when desired.

The fifth wheel structure shown in Figure 2 provides adequate means for supporting the load of the truck body and material therein, the fifth wheel structure being of substantial diameter and approximately equal in width to the frame structure 20 as shown in Figures 2 and 3. Adequate bearing surfaces are provided to support the load during the turning operation, and the fifth wheel structure forms a housing to receive lubricating grease to lubricate the contacting surfaces which rotate relative to each other. The controls for the two valve mechanisms H5 and I6!) may be conveniently located in the cab of the vehicle to be easily operated by the driver.

I claim: t

1. A truck comprising a chassis frame, a supplemental frame above said chassis frame, a body carried by said supplemental frame, a fifth wheel Structure connecting said chassis and supplemental frames, a gear carried by said fifth Wheel structure and fixed with respect to said supplemental frame, a rack laterally movable into and out of engagement with the teeth of said gear, means biasing said rack out of engagement with said gear, means for moving said rack laterally against said biasing means to engage said rack with said gear, and a power source for reciprocating said rack to rotate said gear and turn said supplemental frame and said body to a position in which material in said body can be unloaded to one side of the truck.

2. A truck comprising a chassis frame, a supplemental frame above said chassis frame, a body carried by said supplemental frame, a fifth wheel structure connecting said chassis and supplement-a1 frames, a gear carried by said fifth wheel structure and fixed with respect to said supplemental frame, a rack bar mounted for lateral movement into and out of engagement with said gear, means biasing said rack bar out of engagement with said gear, lever means having an end engageable with said rack bar to move it against said biasing means into engagement with said gear, and a power source for reciprocating said rack bar to rotate said gear and turn said supplefieroital frame and said body to a position in which a eria in said bod of the truck. y can be unloaded at one side 3. A truck comprising a chassis frame, a supplemental frame above said chassis frame a body carried by said supplemental frame, a fifth wheel structure connecting said chassis and supplemental frames, a gear carried by said fifth wheel structure and fixed with respect to said supplemental frame, a rack bar mounted for lateral movement into and out of engagement with said gear, means biasing said rack bar out of engagement with said gear, lever means having an end engageable with said rack bar to move it against said biasing means into engagement with said gear, .a fluid pressure operated motor having a piston connected to said rack bar, and valve means for controlling the operation of said motor to rotate said gear to turn said supplemental iliglfcilglldbsald 1bodiy to a position in which mae un oa of the truck. ed fi om said body at one side i. A truck comprising a chassis frame I pleinental frame above said chassis frame 3 y carried by said supplemental frame, a fifth wheel structure connecting said chassis and supplemental frames, a gear carried by said fifth wheel structure and fixed with respect to said supplemental frame, a rack bar mounted for lateral movement into and out of engagement with said gear, means biasing said rack bar out of engagement With said gear, lever means havin an end engageable with said rack bar to move it a ainst said biasing means into engagement with: said gear, a rod connected to said lever means an operating handle connected to said rod to reciprocate the latter to effect movement of said lever whereby said end thereof moves said rack into engagement with said gear, a fluid pressure operated motor having a piston connected to said rack bar, and a valve for admitting fluid pressure into either end of said motor to effect positive movement of said racl: whereby said rack when engaged with said gear, will turn said supplegligrtigrz iilafirame altlid isaid body to a position in which in sai side Ofsaid truck. oey can be unloaded at one 5. A truck comprising a chassis fram plemental frame above said chassis n- 'mi 2 5a normally occupying a position parallel thereto a body carried by said supplemental frame a fifth wheel structure connecting said chassis and supplemental frames and comprising a king pin fixed with respect to said supplemental frame and pro- JBCtlIlg therebelow, a gear carried by the lower end of said king pin, power means for rotating said gear comprising a rack having teeth engageable with said gear, means for supporting said power means for movement of said rack laterally toward and away from said gear and means for controlling the position of said racl: relative to said gear whereby, when said rack and sa d gear are engaged, said power means is operative to rotate said gear to turn said supplemental frame and said body horizontally out of their normal positions.

6. A truck comprising a chassis frame, a supplemental frame above said chassis frame and normally occupying a position parallel thereto, a body carried by said supplemental frame, a fifth wheel structure connecting said chassis and supplemental frames and comprising a king pin fixed with respect to said supplemental frame and projecting therebelow, a gear carried by the lower end of said king pin, power means for rotating said gear comprising a rack having teeth engageable with said gear, means for supporting said power means for movement of said rack laterally toward and away from said gear, means biasing said rack laterally away from engagement with said gear, and means for positively moving said rack against said biasing means into engagement with said gear whereby operation of said power means rotates said gear to turn said supplemental frame and said body horizontally at an angle to their normal positions.

'7. A truck comprising a chassis frame, a supplemental frame above said chassis frame and normally occupying a position parallel thereto, a body carried by said supplemental frame, a fifth wheel structure connecting said chassis and supplemental frames and comprising a king pin fixed with respect to said supplemental frame and projecting therebelow, a gear carried by the lower end of said king pin, power means for rotating said gear comprising a rack having teeth engageable with said gear, means for supporting said power means for movement of said rack laterally toward and away from said gear, means biasing said rack laterally away from engagement with said gear, and lever means comprising a roller engageable with said rack bar to move it positively against said biasin means whereby operation of said power means will rotate said gear to turn said supplemental frame and said body horizontally at an angle to their normal positions.

8. A truck comprising a chassis frame, a supplemental frame above said chassis frame and normally occupying a position parallel thereto, a body carried by said supplemental frame, a fifth wheel structure connecting said chassis and supplemental frames and comprising a king pin fixed with respect to said supplemental frame and projecting therebelow, a gear carried by the lower end of said king pin, power means for rotating said gear comprising a rack having teeth engageable with said gear, means for supporting said power means for movement of said rack laterally toward and away from said gear, means biasing said rack laterally away from engagement with said gear, a bell crank lever pivotally supported intermediate its ends on said chassis frame and having a roller on one end engaging said rack at the side opposite the teeth thereof whereby turning movement of said bell crank lever in one direction will move said roller against said rack to move the latter positively against said biasing means into engagement with said gear, and remotely operable means connected to the other end of said bell crank lever for turning it in said direction to engage said rack with said gear whereby said power means is operable to rotate said gear to turn said supplemental frame and said body horizontally to positions at an angle to their normal positions.

9. A truck comprising a chassis frame, a supplemental frame above said chassis frame and normally occupying a position parallel thereto, said supplemental frame having normally front and rear ends, a body on said supplemental frame, means pivotally connecting said body to the rear end of said supplemental frame for upward swinging movement of said body on an axis transverse to said supplemental frame, a fifth wheel structure connecting said chassis and supplemental frames and comprising a hollow vertical king pin fixed with respect to said supplemental frame, a pipe connected to the upper end of said king pin, a pipe connected to the lower end of said king pin, a source of fluid pressure supply connected to said last-named pipe, a fluid pressure operated motor to which said first-named pipe is connected, said motor being connected between said supplemental frame and said body and energizable to move the forward end of the latter upwardly to dump material from the body, valve means for controlling the flow of fluid through said pipes, a gear carried by the lower end of said king pin, power means for rotating said gear comprising a rack having teeth engageable with said gear to rotate the latter and turn said supplemental frame and said body on the axis of said king pin, and means for moving the teeth of said rack into and out of engagement with said gear.

10. A truck comprising a chassis frame, a supplemental frame above said chassis frame and normally occupying a position parallel thereto, said supplemental frame having normally front and rear ends, a body on said supplemental frame, means pivotally connecting said body to the rear end of said supplemental frame for upward swinging movement of said body on an axis transverse to said supplemental frame, a fifth wheel structure connecting said chassis and supplemental frames and comprising a hollow vertical king pin fixed with respect to said supplemental frame, a pipe connected to the upper end of said king pin, a pipe connected to the lower end of said king pin, a source of fluid pressure supply connected to said last-named pipe, a fluid pressure operated motor to which said first-named pipe is connected, said motor being connected between said supplemental frame and said body and energizable to move the forward end of the latter upwardly to dump material from the body, valve means for controlling the flow of fluid through said pipes, a gear carried by the lower end of said king pin, power means for rotating said gear comprising a rack having teeth engageable with said gear to rotate the latter and turn said supplemental frame and said body on the axis of said king pin, means for supporting said power means for movement of said rack laterally toward and away from said gear, means biasing said rack away from said gear, and manually operable means for positively moving said rack against said biasing means to engage the teeth of said rack with said gear.

11. A truck comprising a chassis frame, a supplemental frame above said chassis frame and normally occupying a position parallel thereto, said supplemental frame having normally front and rear ends, a body on said supplemental frame, means pivotally connecting said body to the rear end of said supplemental frame for upward swinging movement of said body on an axis transverse to said supplemental frame, a fifth wheel structure connecting said chassis and supplemental frames and comprising a hollow vertical king pin fixed with respect to said supple mental frame, a pipe connected to the upper end of said king pin, a pipe connected to the lower end of said king pin, a source of fluid pressure supply connected to said last-named pipe, a fluid pressure operated motor to which said firstnamed pipe is connected, said motor being connected between said supplemental frame and said body and energizable to move the forward end of the latter upwardly to dump material from the body, valve means for controlling the fiow of fluid through said pipes, a gear carried by the lower end of said king pin, power means for rotating said gear comprising a rack having teeth engageable with said gear to rotate the latter and turn said supplemental frame and said body on the axis of said king pin, means for supporting said power means for movement of said rack laterally toward and away from said gear, means for biasing said rack away from said gear, a lever pivotally supported intermediate its ends by said chassis frame, a roller carried by one end of said lever and engageable with the side of said rack opposite the teeth thereof whereby rotation of said lever in one direction will move said rack to engage the teeth thereof with said gear, and means connected to the other end of said lever for turning it in said direction.

12. A truck comprising a chassis frame, a supplemental frame above said chassis frame and normally occupying a position parallel thereto, said supplemental frame having normally front and rear ends, a body on said supplemental frame, means pivotally connecting said body to the rear end of said supplemental frame for upward swinging movement of said body on an axis transverse to said supplemental frame, a fifth wheel structure connecting said chassis and supplemental frames and comprising a lower circular plate carried by said chassis frame and an upper circular plate carried by said supplemental frame, and a hollow king pin having a vertical axis coaxial with said plates, said plates having engaging bearing surfaces whereby said upper plate is rotatable on its axis relative to said lower plate, a fluid pressure motor connected between said supplemental frame and said body and energizable for swinging the forward end of the latter upwardly, a fluid pressure conduit for supplying pressure fluid to said motor, said conduit including said king pin, a valve for controlling the fiow of fluid through said conduit, said king pin having its upper end fixed to said upper plate, a gear fixed to said king pin below said lower plate, power means for rotating said gear comprising a fiuid pressure operated motor including a piston and a rack carried thereby and having teeth engageable with said gear, said rack being laterally movable to move said teeth into and out of engagement with said gear, means for biasing the teeth of said rack out of engagement with said gear, and lever means for positively moving said rack laterally to engage the teeth thereof with said gear.

13. A truck comprising a chassis frame, a supplemental frame above said chassis frame and normally occupying a position parallel thereto, said supplemental frame having normally front and rear ends, a body on said supplemental frame, means pivotally connecting said body to the rear end of said supplemental frame for upward swinging movement of said body on an axis transverse to said supplemental frame, a fifth wheel structure connecting said chassis and supplemental frames and comprising a lower circular plate carried chassis frame and an upper circular plate carried by said supplemental frame, and a hollow king pin having a vertical axis coaxial with said plates, said plates having engaging bearing surfaces whereby said upper plate is rotatable on its axis relative to said lower plate,

a fluid pressure motor connected between said supplemental frame and said body and energizable for swinging the forward end of the latter upwardly, a fluid pressure conduit for supplying pressure fluid to said motor, said conduit including said king pin, a valve for controlling the flow of fluid through said conduit, said'king pin having its upper end med to said upper plate, a gear fixed to said king pin below said lower plate, power means for rotating said gear comprising a fluid pressure operated motor including a piston and a rack carried thereby and having teeth engageable with said gear, said rack being laterally movable to move said teeth into and out of engagement with said gear, means for biasing the teeth of said rack out of engagement with said gear, a lever pivotally supported intermediate its ends by said chassis frame, a roller carried by one end of said lever and engageable with the side of said rack opposite said teeth whereby, upon turning movement of said lever in one direction, said rack will be laterally moved to engage the teeth thereof with said gear, and means connected to the other end of said lever for turning it in said direction.

14. A truck comprising a chassis frame, a supplemental frame above said chassis frame, a body carried by said supplemental frame, means for supporting said supplemental frame for turning movement on a vertical axis relative to said chassis frame, a gear fixed with respect to said supplemental frame concentric with said vertical axis, a rack engageable with said gear, a power source connected to said rack to reciprocate it, means supporting said rack for lateral movement into and out of engagement with said gear whereby, upon operation of said power source said rack will rotate said gear or will move freely relative thereto depending upon whether said rack is in engagement with or disengaged from said gear, and means for effecting such lateral movement of the rack.

15. A truck comprising a chassis frame, a supplemental frame above said chassis frame, a body carried by said supplemental frame, means for supporting said supplemental frame for turning movement on a vertical axis relative to said chassis frame, a gear fixed with respect to said supplemental frame concentric with said vertical axis, a rack engageable with said gear, a power source connected to said rack to reciprocate it, means for supporting said rack for lateral movement into and out of engagement with said gear whereby upon operation 01" said power source said rack will rotate said gear or will move freely relative thereto depending upon whether said rack is in engagement with or disengaged from said gear, and means for controlling the position of said rack, such means comprising a spring biasing said rack away from said gear and a manually operable device for moving said rack against the tension of said spring into engagement with said gear.

16. A truck comprising a chassis frame, a supplemental frame above said chassis frame, a body carried by said supplemental frame, a fifth wheel s ructure connecting said chassis and supplemental frames, a gear carried by said fifth Wheel structure and fixed with respect to said supplemental frame, a rack bar mounted for lateral movement into and out of engagement with said gear, means biasing said rack bar out of engage'' ment with said gear, manually operable means operable for moving said rack bar against said 13 fluid pressure operated motor having a. piston connected to said rack bar, and valve means for controlling the operation of said motor to rotate said gear to turn said supplemental frame and said body to a position in which material can 5 be unloaded from said body at one side of the track.

CLAUDE L. SHERBURNE.

REFERENCES CITED w The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

Number UNITED STATES PATENTS Name Date Hunt Apr. 30, 1907 Finkelstein Mar. 25, 1919 Kinoshita Oct. 23, 1923 Mattix Jan. 1, 1924 Colbyson et a1 July 8, 1924 Allison Oct. 3, 1939 Allison Aug. 26, 1941 

